Hernia ke karan:
Hernia, jab tissue ya aang halki hui maspeshi ki diwar se bahar nikalte hai, janm mein ya jeevan ke baad kai karanon se ho sakta hai. Inguinal hernia sabse aam prakar hai, jabki femoral, umbilical, hiatus aur incisional hernia bhi khatra paida karte hai.
Pope Francis ne is hafte ek hernia nikalwane ke liye operation karwaya hai, jiske surgeon ne kaha ki yeh use badhte hue takleef ho rahi thi. Yeh planned surgery previous operations se hue scarring ki wajah se hui hernia ko nikalne ke liye thi, jo incisional hernia kehlata hai.
Hernia aam hai aur kai prakar ke hote hai. Sabko surgery ki zarurat nahi hoti. Lekin asal mein hernia kya hota hai? Aur agar tumhe surgery ki zarurat hai, toh tum kya expect kar sakte ho?
Kya hota hai hernia? Kya tumhe iska khatra hai?
Tumhare pet ke andar kai layers of muscle hote hai jo tumhare antrik aangon ko surakshit rakhne aur unhe ghiraane mein madad karte hai. Jab kisi halki hui jagah se tissue ya aang bahar nikalte hai, tab hernia hota hai.
Hernia janm mein ho sakte hai lekin jab pet ko jyada dabav padta hai toh bad mein bhi ho sakte hai. Garbhavati mahilao ko hernia hone ka khatra hota hai, saath hi jo log motape ke shikar hai, woh log bhi hernia patient ho sakte hai, jaise ki woh kaam ya gym mein bhari vajan utha rahe hai, aur jin logon mein pet ke dabav ko badhane wali samasya hai, jaise ki kabz.
Major Types of Hernia:
Hernia ke alag-alag prakar hote hai.
Inguinal hernia
Yeh hota hai jab charbi wala tisu ya chote aang ki kuch hisse ki halki hui diwar se bahar nikal jaate hai. Yeh jyadatar ek taraf ki jang mein viksit hote hai. Inguinal hernia hernia ke sabse aam prakar hai aur sabhi pet ki diwar wale herniaon mein se lagbhag teen-chauthai hissa hota hai.
Lagbhag 27 percent purush aur 3 percent mahila apni zindagi mein kisi na kisi samay inguinal hernia ka vikas kar lenge. Iski khatra umar ke saath badhta hai.
Femoral hernia
Charbi wala tissue ya chote aang ki kuch hisse yahaan par gehri gufaon mein bhi jaa sakte hai jise femoral canal kehte hai. Is prakar ke hernia ko femoral hernia kehte hai. Yeh inguinal hernia se kam prachalit hote hai aur mahilao mein purusho se adhik hota hai.
Umbilical hernia
Yeh hota hai jab charbi wala tissue ya chote aang nabhi ke karib pet ki diwar ke muh se bahar nikal jaate hai. Yeh sabse aam roop se abhi paida huye baccho mein aur chhah mahine se kam umra ke bacho mein hota hai. Iski vajah hai ki jab janm ke baad nabhi se guzarti hai toh pet ki diwar ka muh sahi se band nahi ho paata.
In herniaon mein se bahut kam hi hernia kisi bhi takleef ka karan nahi hote hai aur woh lagbhag panch saal ke bacche ki umar tak gayab ho jaate hai.
Bade logo ko bhi umbilical hernia ho sakta hai. Iske khatre ke aham panktiyo mein motapa hona aur pet ki dabav ko badhane wali kisi chronic samasya jaise ki jada khansi ya pet mein paani (ascites) hona hota hai jo aam taur par liver disease se hota hai.
Hiatus hernia
Yeh hota hai jab pet ke upari hisse ka bhaag pet aur chhati ko alag karne wali badi maspeshi (diaphragm) se bahar nikal jaata hai. Aapko yeh jyada hone ki sambhavna hoti hai agar aap bade hai ya fir motape hai.
Kai logo mein chhote hiatus hernia hone par koi lakshan nahi hote hai. Lekin kuch logo mein bade hernia jalan aur vomit jaisi reflux lakshano se jude hote hai.
Incisional hernia
Yeh hernia operation ke baad ho sakte hai, jaisa ki Pope Francis ke saath hua. Yeh tab hota hai jab kisi pehle hue operation ke dauran kiya gaya kaat ki jagah pet ki diwar mein kamjorai hoti hai. Pope Francis ke incisional hernia ko theek kiya gaya kyunki hernia mein jo chhote aang ke loope hai woh hissa bhi block ho raha tha aur taklif ka karan ho raha tha.
Others:
Kai aur prakar ke hernia hote hai. Ismein se ek muscle hernia hota hai jismein maspeshi ka kuch hissa aas paas ke tisu se bahar nikal jaata hai. Yeh sabse adhik pair ki maspeshiyon mein chot ke baad hota hai.
Hernia ke baare mein kya karna chahiye?
Inguinal ya femoral hernia ki pehchan aapke jang mein dard ya dikhta hua ubhaar ho sakta hai. Yeh ubhaar aam taur par zyada dikhne lagta hai jab aap khade hote hai, khansi karte hai ya toilet karne ke dauran jor lagate hai. Umbilical ya incisional hernia ke liye, aap pet par ubhaar mehsoos kar sakte hai.
Agar tumhe hernia hai aur tej pet dard, ulti aur matli, paad saaf karne mein dikkat ya agar hernia bahut zyada sakht aur dardnak ho jaata hai, toh turant doctor ki madad leni chahiye. Iska matlab ho sakta hai ki hernia mein maujood aang ke andar ki kuch hisse ka blood supply kat gaya hai ya fir aang ghoom gaya hai aur poori tarah se blocked ho gaya hai.
Bahut se mamle mein, jaise Pope Francis ke saath, yeh surgery surgical mesh ki sahayata se kiya jaata hai. Yeh ek aushdhiya device hai jo hernia ke aas-paas ke kharab tissue ko samarthan deta hai jab woh theek hota hai. Mesh hernia dobara hone ke khatre ko kam karne mein madad karta hai.
Adhiktar log surgery ke din hi ya surgery ke baad ek din mein ghar ja sakte hai aur poori tarah se recover hone ka samay kuch hafte hai.
Regards,
Team “Sarkarikhabrein“